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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 213 294	1 120 832	1 463 324^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.7	-8.6	3.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	10 098.2	8 895.6	11 476.7^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	3.3	4	4.1^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	32.8	33.1	35.1^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	64	63	60.8^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	14	13.2	12.6^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	24	24.1	25^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	62	62.7	62.3^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.3	4.4	3^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	43.8 / 78.7	41.5 / 72.6	46.2 / 77.1^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k (2010=100)	119	146	176^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	113	117^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	380 556	416 982	592 997^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	395 254	382 980	598 475^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 14 698	34 002	- 5 478^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 31 536	26 905	- 5 716^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1	0.7	0.8^a
Urban population (% of total population)	79.3	80.4^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.8^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.1	2	1.9^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	76.9 / 71.9	74.1 / 66.9	78.0 / 72.4^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	28.0 / 9.8	26.0 / 11.1	24.5 / 12.2^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 013.7 / 0.8ⁿ	1 197.6 / 0.9ⁿ	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	2.2	204.9	856.9^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	16.2	13.8	12.5^a
Health: Current expenditure^o,p (% of GDP)	5.7	6.2	6.1^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.4	2.4	2.6^q
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.2	4.3^r	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.6 / 107.4	104.5 / 104.5	102.1 / 101.9^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	135.5 / 123.6	128.4 / 115.6	125.9 / 111.0^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	73.4 / 71.4	86.5 / 79.9	83.8 / 73.2^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	17.3	29.2	26.1^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	38	48.2^s	50.4^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^t (per 100 inhabitants)	57.4	71.5	78.6^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4	0.3^j	0.3^j,u,b
Threatened species (number)	1 109	1 656	2 605^e
Forested area (% of land area)	34.1	33.8	33.7^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	454.0 / 3.8	402.8 / 3.2	421.7 / 3.3^q
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	8 031	6 489	6 498^q
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	65	58	59^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	32 093	24 824	38 326^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	36.2	38.1	38.4^e
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	47.4 / ...	60.0 / ...	65.1 / ...^b
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.03	0.08	0.04^q

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Refers to the total population in 76 municipalities of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City.
d		2019
e		2023
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Data are based on SHA2011.
p		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		2021
r		2018
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Population aged 6 years and over.
u		Provisional data.
v		Including nationals residing abroad.