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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	11 087	15 253	18 101^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	9.6	-8.1	6.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	24 282.8	29 596.2	33 942.3^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	1	0.8	1^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	12.9	14	12.6^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	79.7	84.3	85.4^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	1.5	1.1	0.8^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	20	18.3	17.2^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	78.5	80.6	82^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	5.4	4.4	2.4^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	42.8 / 67.8	52.0 / 70.6	56.9 / 74.1^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	108	114	129^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	78	76^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	3 915	2 832	3 467^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	6 788	5 736	8 391^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 2 873	- 2 904	- 4 924^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	301	349	- 1 020^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.4	1.4	1.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	94.4	94.7^k	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.6^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.4	1.1	1.1^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	85.0 / 80.1	84.5 / 80.1	85.4 / 81.5^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	14.2 / 24.8	13.3 / 24.5	13.0 / 26.0^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	52.6 / 12.1	114.8 / 26.0	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	6.5	12.8	13.4^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	6.8	4.6	5.5^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	8.9	10.7	10.6^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.6	4.2	4.3^o
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5	5^k	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.6 / 99.1	96.3 / 97.2	93.6 / 93.5^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.0 / 102.9	100.8 / 102.9	99.5 / 101.9^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	94.8 / 86.2	107.2 / 100.5	105.7 / 103.0^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.9	1.4	0.6^e
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12.9	13.4^p	27.8^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^q (per 100 inhabitants)	76^r	86.9	91.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.7	0.7	0.7^o
Threatened species (number)	31	49	70^e
Forested area (% of land area)	1.1	1.4	1.4^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	1.6 / 3.6	1.6 / 3.1	1.6 / 3.1^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	1	1	1^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	59	56	56^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^s (000)	1 783	659	2 287^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	90.6	90.9	90.9^e
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	0.2^t	...	0.28^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Refers to the localities of the Northern Harbour and Southern Harbour.
d		2018
e		2023
f		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		2019
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2021
p		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
q		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
r		Users in the last 3 months.
s		Departures by air and by sea.
t		2014