UNData app

General Information

Region		Caribbean
Population (000, 2024)		2 839^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2024)		262.2^a
Capital city		Kingston
Capital city pop. (000, 2024)		589.8^c
UN membership date		18 September 1962
Surface area (km2)		10 990^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.8^a
National currency		Jamaican Dollar (JMD)
Exchange rate (per US$)		154.3^d

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	14 198	13 812	17 098^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.9	-9.9	4.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	5 080.7	4 897.3	6 047.2^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	7.2	9.8	9.4^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	22	23	23.1^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	70.7	67.3	67.5^b
Employment in agriculture^e (% of employed)	17.7	15.9	15.3^b
Employment in industry^e (% of employed)	14.9	15.8	17.2^b
Employment in services^e (% employed)	67.3	68.3	67.5^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	8.8^e	6.5	5.3^e
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	58.8 / 72.9	57.8 / 72.6	61.0 / 76.2^e
CPI: Consumer Price Index^f (2010=100)	141	171	213^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	101	113^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 263	1 251	2 240^e,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	4 993	4 765	7 995^e,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 730	- 3 515	- 5 755^e,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-430	-157	-130^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.3	0.4	-~0.0^a
Urban population (% of total population)	54.8	56^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.8^g	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.5	1.4	1.4^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	74.3 / 70.1	74.0 / 68.9	74.1 / 69.1^a
Population age distribution^h (0-14/60+ years old, %)	23.4 / 9.5	20.6 / 11.3	18.7 / 13.0^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	23.2 / 0.8ⁱ	23.6 / 0.8ⁱ	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	~0.0	0.1	0.1^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	18.7	19.2	18.9^a
Health: Current expenditure^e,j (% of GDP)	5.6	6.6	7.2^k
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.4	0.5^l	...
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.5	5.2^c	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.8 / 92.8	89.4 / 90.3	89.8 / 91.7^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.4 / 90.7	89.8 / 90.3	85.7 / 86.1^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	81.5 / 77.6	79.0 / 77.1	81.4 / 80.7^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	43.3	47.3	53.3^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12.7	17.5^m	27.4^m

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	42.2	76.4^e	85.1^e,b
Threatened species (number)	298	323	356^d
Forested area (% of land area)	53.3	55.1	55.5^k
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	7.6 / 2.7	6.6 / 2.3	7.0 / 2.5^k
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	10	12^e	12^k
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	42	39	41^k
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^n,o (000)	2 123	880	2 478^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	19.2	19.7	20.1^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.43	0.5	0.44^k

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		2019
d		2023
e		Estimate.
f		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
g		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
h		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
i		Including refugees.
j		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 April.
k		2021
l		2018
m		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
n		Arrivals of non-resident tourists by air.
o		Including nationals residing abroad; E/D cards.